The short answer: a llama is a large pack animal, roughly 110–120 cm at the shoulder and 130–200 kg, with long banana-shaped ears and a long muzzle. An alpaca is half that size, about 90 cm and 45–80 kg, with short pointed ears and a short soft face, and is kept purely for its fleece. Both are South American camelids, and both can spit, though almost always at each other, not at people.

Five quick differences

LlamaAlpaca
Weight130–200 kg45–80 kg
Shoulder height110–120 cmabout 90 cm
Earslong, curved like bananasshort, straight and pointed
Facelong muzzle, little fleeceshort, with a fluffy topknot
Jobpack animal, carries up to 45 kgfibre animal, shorn once a year

The most reliable tell is the ears and the size: if the animal reaches your shoulder and its ears curve, it is a llama. If it is only slightly bigger than a sheep and looks like a fluffy teddy bear, it is an alpaca.

Whose wool is better?

No contest here: the fibre animal is the alpaca. A llama's coat has two layers, and the outer guard hair is coarse and prickly, above 30 microns, fit mostly for ropes and rugs. Alpaca fibre is single-coated and fine, 18–26 microns in our products, lanolin-free and partly hollow, which makes it lighter and warmer than sheep's wool. We explained what microns actually mean, and why baby alpaca does not itch, in the fibre guide.

Everything we sell, from scarves to alpaca hides, is alpaca, not llama. We do not sell llama-wool products.

Do they spit?

Yes, both can, but almost always among themselves: spitting is camelid language for feeding order and personal space. An animal spits at a person only when it has been treated badly or feels cornered. On a farm visit one simple rule is enough: do not reach over the fence towards the animal's face; let it come to you.

By temperament the alpaca is the shyer, calmer herd animal; the llama is more independent and is even used elsewhere in the world as a guard animal for sheep flocks.

Handmade alpaca fur figures, a llama and an alpaca side by side

Where can you see alpacas?

Alpaca farms now exist across the Nordics and Baltics, and alpacas cope with northern climates surprisingly well; nights in the Andes are colder than our winters. If keeping one is not an option, there is a middle ground: our alpaca fur figures and soft toys are made of real alpaca hide, with fur as silky as on the living animal.